I’m not sure it’s all of them really. Electricity, water, waste disposal and intra state roads are usually state/city owned utilities in India, with Highway, Railway and most of the Oil and Gas ones under the central government. Some are taken up by both, like public education. Even for the ones that Tata and Reliance are fairly nestled in, there’s government owned competitors (ex. Steel manufacture and Telcom)
I’m not sure it’s all of them really. Electricity, water, waste disposal and intra state roads are usually state/city owned utilities in India, with Highway, Railway and most of the Oil and Gas ones under the central government. Some are taken up by both, like public education. Even for the ones that Tata and Reliance are fairly nestled in, there’s government owned competitors (ex. Steel manufacture and Telcom)
I’m necessarily summarising here, but there’s a non-negligible level of public sector competition here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Sector_Undertakings_in_India