basically, a SIM is what connects your phone to your mobile provider’s network. Any time you want to use that infrastructure (the phone turns on, you turn off airplane mode, you turn on your eSIM) your phone makes a request to the network, which requires an authentication via the IMSI number provided by the SIM. When this happens, your location is triangulated and your status as a cell network subscriber is verified. this process also happens periodically, and more frequently if you’re on the move. The technical reason for this is that your phone needs to know which towers to route requests to, and that you are paying for the service.
Theoretically, your phone is capable of being triangulated even without a SIM. However, for this to happen (outside of calling emergency services) as far as I’m aware this requires some sort of device compromise and is therefore out of most people’s scope. If you’re paranoid of tracking, remove your sim (or disable it if it is an eSIM) and if you’re super paranoid, grab a faraday bag to put it in.
let me know if i didnt explain anything well enough.








I’m going to be a little pedantic here, I hope you don’t mind.
I wouldn’t say your location can be triangulated by SSID. you’re 100% correct about them being findable online, and that’s why its important to rotate your said every few months to a year. also, don’t be creative with it, just have it be the generic manufacturer string or something similar if you can.
with that database, people can tell where you’ve BEEN, not where you ARE. it doesn’t necessarily compromise your immediate location.
however, yes, it can assist with that. most phones, when not connected to WiFi, broadcast all the SSIDs they have saved in an attempt to connect to one of them. that’s another fingerprint. the caveat is that someone needs to be relatively close to you to be able to snoop those broadcasts, or have a device installed somewhere that’s snooping all traffic. in those cases someone is already following you or you’re (probably) in a fairly public place.
this is also an easy one to foil. when you leave a location where you connect to WiFi, turn your WiFi off so that your phone isn’t constantly broadcasting for it. this saves battery as a nice bonus. grapheneOS enables this by default.