I think this is about uBlock Origin’s “advanced mode”. If it’s activated, then the uBlock addon’s pop-up gets an extra table to the left showing kinds of content or domains used and switches to block/allow them globally (on all websites) or locally (on this website specifically). Those switches have two halves, the left side acts as an “allow” button (or rather a “no-op” button that tells uBO to ignore a previous block, but not to unblock something that’s detected as an ad by the add-on’s regular filters) and the right side as a “block” button.
So, AFAIK, you enable advanced mode, use a global switch to block third-party scripts and you’ve basically got almost the same kind of blocking NoScript does. As you visit other websites, you can use that table to locally allow some domains in order to un-break a website, block local scripts if you don’t trust them either (you could also set that globally to completely match NoScript if you want), or block all third-party content from some domains. It also works in “just a few clicks”.
All the pop-up blocking that old web browsers had is still a thing. It’s just that most websites no longer make their pop-ups as separate browser windows that pop up via timed script, because that’s easily detectable and blockable.
Nowadays, they’ll form a pop-up using additional fixed-position <div>s, or form what’s functionally a redirect by creating what, to the web browser, looks like a giant link that opens up in a separate tab, or do other sneakier techniques, which are much harder to definitively detect as “a pop-up” and block without causing legitimate web pages to break.
As the web is becoming more and more a platform for full-on applications, you can’t really determine which functionality will only be used by ads or malware. There are projects like Gemini, which deliberately aim for a minimalist set of features that can only be used to deliver simple content with no intrusive additions, but these won’t serve as a complete replacement for the web.